Subfamily Typhlocybinae
Tribe Dikraneurini

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Australia has a very distinctive fauna of Dikraneurini, associated with the genus Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae). The genera Kahaono, Aneono and Dziwneono are all endemic. Two new genera are known from Australia and these are in the process of being described. The species are mainly flattened with a curved dorsal surface and concave ventral surface enabling the insects to fit closely to the surface of eucalypt leaves. Many of the species are brightly coloured with red, yellow, blue, white and black, as are the leaves on which they live. Some cause noticeable speckling of the leaves on which they feed but, although this may affect the appearance of trees grown as ornamentals, it may have little impact on the health of the trees. 

The Indonesian fauna is very poorly known but probably better described than indicated here. [update: 19.ii.2004]

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The silk leafhopper

Species of Typhlocybinae: Dikraneurini known to occur in Australia

Indo

Many undescribed species of Typhlocybinae are known to occur in Australia. ABRS funding has allowed taxonomic research on this subfamily to be undertaken and this list will therefore be updated as the descriptions of the new species are published.

 
Aneono australensis (Kirkaldy)
    Empoa australensis Kirkaldy 1906: 363
    Aneono australensis (Kirkaldy), Evans 1966: 259
IMAGE

Known hosts: Corymbia calophylla (Myrtaceae) (WA)

 Qld, WA
[update: 7.ix.2006]
Aneono darwinensis Evans
    Aneono darwinensis Evans 1966: 260
IMAGE
NT
Aneono evansi Dworakowska
    Aneono evansi Dworakowska 1972b: 193
IMAGE
WA
Aneono leichhardti Dworakowska
    Aneono leichhardti Dworakowska 1972b: 193		 WA
Aneono pulcherrima Kirkaldy
    Aneono pulcherrima Kirkaldy 1906: 359 
IMAGE
NSW, Qld
Aneono venusta Evans
    Aneono venusta Evans 1942a: 148		 WA
Aneono spp. 
Note: Seven undescribed species of Aneono are known to occur in Australia.		  
Dikraneura honiala Kirkaldy
    Dikraneura honiala Kirkaldy 1906: 360
Note: BPB has a single specimen matching Kirkaldy's (1906) description of this species. It has been labelled as type (apparently by Muir, see Medler 1987 for discussion of Kirkaldy's types) and Kirkaldy's description gives no indication that it was based on more than one specimen. In particular, the description of the colouration of the tegmen matches this specimen exactly. The specimen is here recognised as holotype by monotypy. A second female specimen (see image) which matches this species in the distinctive shape of the vertex but lacks the brown tegminal markings described by Kirkaldy (1906) has been collected in the Northern Territory. [update: 30.i.2003]
IMAGE
Qld, NT
Dziwneono alfa Dworakowska [update: added 12.ii.2004]
    Dziwneono alfa Dworakowska 1993: 117		 WA
Dziwneono etcetera Dworakowska
    Dziwneono etcetera Dworakowska 1972b: 200
IMAGE
NT
Dziwneono olszewskii Dworakowska
    Dziwneono olszewskii Dworakowska 1972b: 199		 NT
Dziwneono sagittata Dworakowska [update: added 12.ii.2004]
    Dziwneono sagittata Dworakowska 1993: 117		 WA
Dziwneono septembris Dworakowska
    Dziwneono septembris Dworakowska 1972b: 199		 NT
Dziwneono weewaa Dworakowska
    Dziwneono weewaa Dworakowska 1972b: 199 
IMAGE
NT
Dziwneono spp. 
Note: Eleven undescribed species of Dziwneono are known to occur in Australia		  
Kahaono aneala (Kirkaldy)
    Dikraneura aneala Kirkaldy 1906: 360
    Kahaono aneala (Kirkaldy), Day and Fletcher 1994: 1227		 NSW
Kahaono hanuala Kirkaldy
    Kahaono hanuala Kirkaldy 1906: 361		 Qld
Kahaono kirkaldyi Dworakowska
    Kahaono kirkaldyi Dworakowska 1972b: 197 
IMAGE
NT
Kahaono montana Evans, The silk leafhopper
    Kahaono montana Evans 1966: 261
IMAGE

Known hosts: Eucalyptus robustus (Myrtaceae) (Day & Fletcher 1994), Eucalyptus dunnii, E. grandis (Fletcher & Kent 2002) [update: 5.xii.2002]
Notes: This species has been reported feeding under silken shelters (images) that have been created by the leafhoppers themselves (Day & Fletcher 1994, Fletcher & Kent 2002, Chang, et al. (2005)  [update: 5.xii.2002, 8.ix.2005]

 NSW
Kahaono negrea Dworakowska
    Kahaono negrea Dworakowska 1972b: 197 
IMAGE
WA
Kahaono pallida Evans
    Kahaono pallida Evans 1966: 261
IMAGE
NSW, Vic, WA
Kahaono viridis Evans
    Kahaono viridis Evans 1966: 261 
IMAGE
NSW, Vic
Kahaono wallacei Evans
    Kahaono wallacei Evans 1966: 261 
IMAGE

Known hosts: Eucalyptus calophylla (Myrtaceae) (Evans 1966)

 NSW, WA
Kahaono yarama Dworakowska
    Kahaono yarama Dworakowska 1972b: 196
IMAGE
WA
Kahaono yhawhoa Dworakowska
    Kahaono yhawhoa Dworakowska 1972b: 197 
IMAGE
WA
Kahaono spp. 
Note: Twelve undescribed species of Kahaono are known to occur in Australia		  
Motschulskyia (Togaritettix) serratus (Matsumura)
    Togaritettix serratus Matsumura 1931: 71
    Dikraneura dorsalis Esaki 1931: 267, synonymised by Ishihara 1953: 26
    Dikraneura fragi Esaki 1932: 24, synonymised by Ishihara 1953: 26
    Motschulskyia (Togaritettix) serratus (Matsumura), Dworakowska 1971: 579 
    Mahmoodiana acuta Ahmed and Waheed 1971: 116, synonymised by Sohi and Dworakowska 1984: 166
IMAGE

Known hosts: Rosa (Rosaceae) (Ahmed and Waheed 1971), Debregeasia (Urticaceae) (Dworakowska 1993) [update: 19.ii.2004]
Note: This species was erroneously listed in the Tribe Erythroneurini by Day and Fletcher (1994: 1230)

 Qld, NT, NSW, 
Japan, Korea,
W. Pakistan, Taiwan,
Thailand.
[update: Thailand 
added 19.ii.2004]


 


Document 8117, submitted 30 January 2009
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